domingo, 26 de abril de 2009

Heroi que virou santo!


Nuno Álvares Pereira, também conhecido como o Santo Condestável, São Nuno de Santa Maria, ou simplesmente Nun'Álvares foi hoje beatificado, pelo Papa Bento XVI. Nobre e guerreiro português do século XIV que desempenhou um papel fundamental na crise de 1383-1385. Quando o Rei Fernando morreu em 1383, sem herdeiros a não ser a princesa D. Beatriz de 8 anos, casada com o Rei João I de Castela, D. Nuno foi um dos primeiros nobres a apoiar as pretensões de João, o Mestre de Avis à coroa. Apesar de ser filho ilegítimo de D. Pedro I, D. João afigurava-se como uma hipótese preferível à perda de independência para os castelhanos.

Depois da primeira vitória de D. Nuno Álvares Pereira frente aos castelhanos na batalha dos Atoleiros, em Abril de 1384, D. João de Avis nomeia-o Condestável de Portugal e Conde de Ourém.
A 6 de Abril de 1385, D. João é reconhecido pelas cortes reunidas em Coimbra como Rei de Portugal. Esta posição de força portuguesa desencadeia uma resposta à altura em Castela. D. João de Castela invade Portugal com vista a proteger os interesses de sua mulher D. Beatriz. D. Nuno Álvares Pereira toma o controlo da situação no terreno e inicia uma série de cercos a cidades leais a Castela, localizadas principalmente no Norte do país.
A 14 de Agosto, D. Nuno Álvares Pereira mostra o seu génio militar ao vencer a batalha de Aljubarrota. A batalha viria a ser decisiva no fim da instabilidade política de 1383-1385 e na consolidação da independência portuguesa. Finda a ameaça castelhana, D. Nuno Álvares Pereira permaneceu como condestável do reino e tornou-se Conde de Arraiolos e Barcelos. Entre 1385 e 1390, ano da morte de D. João de Castela, dedicou-se a realizar raides contra a fronteira de Castela, com o objectivo de manter a pressão e dissuadir o país vizinho de novos ataques.

Após a morte da sua mulher, tornou-se carmelita (entrou na Ordem em 1423, no Convento do Carmo, que fundara como cumprimento de um voto). Toma o nome de Irmão Nuno de Santa Maria. Aí permanece até à morte, ocorrida em 1 de Novembro de 1431, com 71 anos.
Durante o seu último ano de vida, o Rei D. João I fez-lhe uma visita no Carmo. D. João sempre considerou que fora Nuno Álvares Pereira o seu mais próximo amigo, que o colocara no trono e salvara a independência de Portugal.
O túmulo de Nuno Álvares Pereira foi destruído no Terramoto de 1755. O seu epitáfio era: "Aqui jaz o famoso Nuno, o Condestável, fundador da Casa de Bragança, excelente general, beato monge, que durante a sua vida na terra tão ardentemente desejou o Reino dos Céus depois da morte, e mereceu a eterna companhia dos Santos. As suas honras terrenas foram incontáveis, mas voltou-lhes as costas. Foi um grande Príncipe, mas fez-se humilde monge. Fundou, construiu e dedicou esta igreja onde descansa o seu corpo."

Nuno Álvares Pereira foi beatificado aos 23 de Janeiro de 1918 pelo Papa Bento XV, que consagrou o dia 6 de Novembro ao, então, beato. Iniciado em 1940, o processo de canonização foi posteriormente interrompido e, em 2004 reiniciado.
No Consistório de 21 de Fevereiro de 2009, o Papa Bento XVI anunciou para 26 de Abril de 2009 a canonização do Beato Nuno de Santa Maria, juntamente com quatro outros novos santos.

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